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2. Understanding the Light A quick glance at almost any scene will give instant rise, if evaluated, to the sometimes subtle, sometimes obvious variances in light across it. Some portions of the scene are well lit, the highlights, as opposed to those portions of the scene which are recessed in the shadows. Film and digital sensors alike, have a predetermined tolerance for variations in light. This means they are capable of capturing detail in light that is within a certain range of variation. We’ve probably all taken pictures that when developed, were disappointing, because they looked nothing like we remember. For example, the portrait against a beautiful beach, sky, or snowy mountain scene; the subject often looks dark (under-exposed) when compared to the overwhelmingly bright background. Or maybe the opposite on occasion, where the subject is well lit (well exposed) but the background is completely blown-out (over-exposed). Both of these mis-representations of the scene are due to incorrectly exposed photos. To understand the problems, and how to correct them, we will discuss how to quantify, balance, and interpret exposure.
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